Extensive surface deformation around Budharmora associated with the January 26, 2001 Republic Day (Bhuj) earthquake of India

Abstract

On the gentle north-facing warping surface extending E-W in the epicentral area around Budharmora and Morgar villages extensive lateral spreading took place by the Bhuj earthquake. The deformation was generated in water saturated surface soil horizon resulting in numerous E-W striking extensional cracks or normal faults and rises to the surface forming the longitudinal pressure ridges. Deformational features identified during our field and aerial survey are mostly gravitational features resulted by strong ground shaking over a gently sloping surface.