Technical Trends of Recent JPEG Standards

Abstract

More than 25 years ago, the original JPEG standard was developed and published. After the historical success of the International Standard, various International Standards for still image compression have been deliberated, and new standards are still under discussion. In addition, revisions of previously developed International Standards, standardization of next generation still image compression, and application of blockchain technology are also being studied by JPEG committee. In this paper, we outline these standard techniques. First, we describe the standard development process necessary for grasping the development stages of each JPEG family standard, and we compare the technical features of the standardized image coding methods. After that, we express the position of the standards currently under development such as JPEG 2000 Part 15 (HTJ2K), JPEG XS, JPEG Systems (JPEG Privacy & Security, JUMBF, JPEG 360), and JPEG Pleno. We also address the outline of each technology. In addition, we also touch on the latest deliberation status including the next-generation image compression and blockchain application currently being considered for standard development.