The spaces where single fathers feel out of place under the view of modern family

Abstract

This study aims to clarify how single fathers are isolated in any space from the perspective of gender geography. The textual analysis revealed that single fathers feel uncomfortable and isolated in various living spaces, such as workplaces, homes, communities, schools, and government offices. The interview survey also revealed that single fathers accept the gaze that otherizes them. However, change in working styles, such as remote work, may allow single fathers to reconstruct relationships at home and communities. By reconstructing "masculinity," it may be possible to eliminate the gaze that otherizes men and prevent single fathers from becoming isolated.