The Rise of Book Selection Theory in American Academic Libraries

Abstract

　American college libraries did not have any book selection theory until early 19th century. The control of book selection by college trustees, later faculty commitees prevented the development of book selection theory by librarians. According to A. C. Potter's theory books for curriculum needs of faculty as well as students form the nucleus of college library collections. A.C. Potter defended the responsibility of the faculty in controlling book selection. However, T. W. Kock discussed four problems of fund allocation and recommended a new system, in which the librarian had a control over the expenditure for book purchases by the faculty. J.I. Wyer supported the “theory” of book selection by the faculty, but added a new “theory” of selection by the librarian for the “legitimate needs” of the students.
　The library Survey by ALA (1926) revealed the conditions of book selection in American college and university libraries, categorized the fund allocation systems and found it a prevalent trend to centralize the book fund allocations with the library administration, who then, apportioned it to the various departments. The survey by G.A. Works indicated the importance of research functions and research materials of the university libraries, and recommended the centralized control of library collections. W.M. Randall studied scientifically the collections, fund allocation systems and the responsibility of selection in American college libraries.