Kyosei Studies
Online ISSN : 2759-5471
The Third Sector Theory after Keynesian Welfare State Reconsidered
Kiyoshi MUKAI
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2024 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 12-31

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Abstract
The activity of the third sector enterprise remains stagnant today. That grew out of the insufficient inquiry about how the third sector enterprise can work as containment for the capitalist market and what kind of perspective is needed to demonstrate their capacity. In this paper I would like to clear up the subject above through investigation about the logic of association by Habermas, J. and Seimei Hirata. According to their theory, enterprise with associational attribute must be the organization based on the communicative reason which guide to mutual understandings about the meaning of confronting problem and where labor’s predominance over capital is guaranteed throughout production activity. But a chance to show their attribute in capitalistic market must face characteristic difficulty. Reactivation of the third sector enterprise requires two deliberations. Firstly, we have to classify the domain in the capitalistic market where the third sector enterprise can get the better of profit enterprise. Secondly, we must lay plans for the process to extend that domain. For that purpose, it is essential to make clear the concept of goods with specific context. Goods with specific context are defined by at least two attributes. One is that the utility depends on the situation where they are supplied. In other words, the social relation between consumer and producer affects utility. Second is that there can not be any preference as to purchase. That means there exist no marginal rate of substitution. For example, almost all needs which originate from care leave no room for choice. They are forced by physical condition. The third sector enterprise can play an active role in such a domain.
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