COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1990)

I. SUSCEPTIBILITY DISTRIBUTION

Abstract

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 848 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1990 to May 1991. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.9% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76.1% and most of them were Escherichia coli.
1. Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 4μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC90s of 32μg/ml or above.
2. Staphylococcus aureus
VCM and arbekacin (ABK) showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 1μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC9s of 32μg/ml or above.
3. Escherichia coli
Cefozopran (CZOP), carumonam (CRMN) and ofloxacin (OFLX) showed the highest activities against E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were of 0.125μg/ml or below. IPM, cefotiam (CTM) and cefmenoxime (CMX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
4. Klebsiella pneumoniae
Flomoxef (FMOX), cefixime (CFIX), CZOP and CRMN showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were of 0.125μg/ml or below. IPM and gentamicin (GM) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml and 0.5μg/ml, respectively. All other cephems were also active with the MIC90s of 4μg/ml or below.
5. Citrobacter freundii
GM and IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 1μg/ml. Amikacin (AMK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 4μg/ml. The others were not so active.
6. Enterobacter cloacae
IPM and GM showed the highest activities against E. cloacae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them MIC₉₀s of 0.5μg/ml. AMK and OFLX were also active with the MIC9s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities.
7. Proteus mirabilis
Most of the agents were active against P. mirabilis. Cephems were generally active with the MIC90s in a range of ≤0.125μg/ml-4μg/ml. CRMN, OFLX and PIPC were also active with the MIC₉₀s in a range of ≤0.125μg/ml-0.5μg/ml. But minocycline (MINO) was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 64μg/ml.
8. Serratia marcescens
Most of the agents were not so active against S. marcescens. Comparatively, CRMN was active with the MIC₉₀ of 16μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems were not active with the MIC₉₀s of over than 256μg/ml.
9. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Most of the agents were not so active against P. aeruginosa. IPM showed the MIC₉₀ of 16μg/ml, CAZ, CZOP and aztreonam (AZT) showed the MIC₉₀ of 32μg/ml.