COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1993)

I. SUSCEPTIBILITY DISTRIBUTION

Abstract

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 657 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1993 to May 1994. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.3% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% and most of them were Escherichia coll.
1.Enterococcus faecalis
Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
2.Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA
VCM showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. Arbekacin (ABK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
3.Staphylococcus epidermidis
VCM showed the strongest activity against S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. ABK was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 4μg/ml. The others except ABPC were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
4.Streptococcus agalactiae
Most of the agents were active against S. agalactiae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Penicillins, cephems, erythromycin (EM), and clindamycin (CLDM) showed the highest activities. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.25μg/ml or below. Amikacin (AMK) and minocycline (MINO) showed somewhat low activities with the MIC₉₀s of 16μg/ml.
5.Citrobacter freundii
IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 2μg/ml. Cefozopran (CZOP) and gentamicin (GM) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally were not so active.
6.Enterobacter cloacae
IPM and GM sh owed the highest activities against E. cloacae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 1μg/ml. CZOP and tosufloxacin (TFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems except CZOP showed lower activities with the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.
7.Escherichia coli
Most of antimicrob ial agents were active against E. coli. Flomoxef (FMOX), CZOP, IPM, CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Cefmenoxime (CMX), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefuzonam (CZON), latamoxef (LMOX), carumonam (CRMN), norfloxacin (NFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins and MINO were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
8.Klebsiella pneumoniae
CZOP, IPM a nd CRMN showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. CAZ, CZON, CFIX, CPFX and TFLX were also active the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 128μg/ml or above.
9.Proteus mirabilis
P. mirabilis was susceptible to a majority of drugs. CMX, CAZ, CZON, LMOX, CFIX, CRMN and CPFX showed the highest activities against P. mirabilis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. MINO was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 256μg/ml or above.