COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1994)

I. SUSCEPTIBILITY DISTRIBUTION

Abstract

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 567 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1994 to May 1995. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 26.8% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 73.2% and most of them were Escherichia coli.
1. Enterococcus faecalis Ampicillin (ABPC) and imipenem (IPM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 1μg/ml. Vancomycin (VCM) was also active with the MIC90 of 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) and biapenem (BIPM) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml and 8μg/ml, respectively. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 16μg/ml or above.
2. Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA
VCM showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml against both S. aureus and MRSA. Arbekacin (ABK) was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. The others except minocycline (MINO) were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 64μg/ml or above.
3. Staphylococcus epidermidis
MINO showed the strongest activity against S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.25μg/ml. ABK was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 1μg/ml. Cephems were active with the MIC₉₀s of 2-16μg/ml, but penicillins and quinolones were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 64-128μg/ml.
4. Citrobacter freundii Gentamicin (GM) showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Its MIC₉₀ was 1μg/ml. IPM was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 2μg/ml. Cefpirome (CPR) and cefozopran (CZOP) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml and 8μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.
5. Enterobacter cloacae
IPM showed the highest activities against E. cloacae. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.5μg/ml. GM and amikacin (AMK), ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and tosufloxacin (TFLX) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems except latamoxef (LMOX), cefmenoxime (CMX), CPR and CZOP showed lower activities with the MIC₉₀s of 256μg/ml or above.
6. Escherichia coli
Most of antimicrobial agents were active against E. coli. CPR, CZOP, IPM, carumonam (CRMN), CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Cefotiam (CTM), flomoxef (FMOX), CMX, ceftazidime (CAZ), and LMOX were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 128μg/ml or above.
7. Klebsiella pneumoniae
CRMN showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae. Its MIC₉₀ was?≤0.125μg/ml. CZOP was also active with the MIC₉₀ of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 128μg/ml or above.
8. Proteus mirabilis
P. mirabilis was susceptible to a majority of drugs. CMX, CAZ, LMOX, CPR, cefpodoxime (CPDX), CRMN, CPFX and TFLX showed the highest activities against P. mirabilis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. MINO was not so active with the MIC₉₀ of 128μg/ml.
9. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Most of the agents were not so active against P. aeruginosa. IPM showed MIC₉₀ of 8μg/ml.