Abstract
The antibacterial activity of cefrnetazole (CMZ) against clinical isolates from 15medical institutions all over Japan was evaluated yearly for two years from June 2000 to March 2002 and compared with that of other parenteral β-lactams, cefazolin (CEZ), cefotiam (CTM), sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ), and flomoxef (FMOX). In the first surveillance from June 2000 to March 2001, 575 isolates of 13 species were tested, and 548 isolates of the same 13 species were tested in the second surveillance from April 2001 to March 2002. In these surveillances spanning two years, the MIC90s of CMZ against the bacterial species tested hardly differed. Changes in percent resistance of each species to CMZ (MIC of CMZ ≥32μg/mL) were as follows: methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA, 0%→0%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 73%→87%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (19%→32%), other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp.(other CNS, 13%→18%), Escherichia coli (4%→1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3%→4%), Klebsiella oxytoca (0%→0%), Proteus mirabilis (2%→2%), Proteus vulgaris (14%→7%), Morganella morganii (7%→0%), Providencia spp.(17%→0%), Peptostreptococcus spp.(0%→0%), Bacteroides fragilis (10%→11%), and other Bacteroides spp.(79%→88%). The change in percent resistance of MRSA, S. epidermidis, other CNS, and other Bacteroides spp. tended to increase. In addition, the percent resistance of B. fragilis was 10%. It is necessary to pay much attention to the trends observed in these species. Compared to other drugs tested, against MSSA, the activity of CMZ was inferior to that of CEZ, CTM, and FMOX and superior to that of SBT/CPZ. Against MRSA, S. epidermidis, and CNS, the tested drugs exhibited little activity. Against Gram-negative bacteria, the activity of CMZ was almost superior to that of CEZ and CTM, and inferior to that of FMOX. Against B. fragilis and other Bacteroides spp., the activity of CMZ was almost superior to that of CEZ and CTM, and comparable to or inferior to that of SBT/CPZ and FMOX. No remarkable changes in the activity of CMZ were observed in this study compared with studies conducted before CMZ was launched. This result suggests that CMZ still maintains potent activity.
