Abstract
The causes of the overpopulation lies in farms at present in Japan where the industrialization is slow in its progress and where the agricultural tendency is strong as the majority of the nation are managing the small-sized farming with their family labor. This is because the family labor itself in farm does not recognize its characteristic element of unconsciously overlaboring itself, and therefore the overpopulation in rural districts has strongly revealed its nature of "invisible overpopulation". Such overpopulation focused in rural communities is mainly due to low productivity so that still there will be an overpopulation problem even with the efforts for decreasing the population, unless the products should be increased. Therefore, it is quite natural that the living-standard will be low as far as such overpopulation is found in rural districts. The agricultural population of farming labor that keeps the lower living standard than the average may be called the overpopulation. Therefore, as far as overpopulation rural communities does not notice surplus, there will be no other way than to examine it through the data with some measure or scale reliable enough to be objective. However, this is not an easy problem at present. At this point, it may be said that the overpopulation which we are able to recognize with our common sense has challenged to us to be more scientific in solving this problem.
