Abstract
Recent development of neurosurgery has been due to application of operative microsurgery, diagnostic imaging systems such as CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and technical advancement of skull base surgery. Moreover, development of neuronavigation and awake surgery for lesions in the speech and motor areas in the brain has made possible safe and accurate neurosurgery. In this review the authors have discussed identification of speech and motor areas in the cortex by functional MRI. We also described awake surgery for brain tumors in the speech and motor areas in order to avoid postoperative serious complications such as aphasia and hemiplegia.
