Abstract
Causal diagnosis of hearing impairment in children can potentially lead to proper provisions for the future of a child with hearing impairment. Despite its importance, the homogeneity of audiological features frequently hampers further causal diagnosis of hearing impairments. The two major causes of pediatric hearing impairment, namely, 1) genetic causes and 2) environmental causes, are discussed in this review. Particular attention was paid to the clinical/audiological features of known causes of hearing impairment, because clinical suspicion with typical stigmata/symptom are of primary importance for clinicians.
