Life Cycles of two Free-living Marine Nematodes, Prochromadorella sp. and Spiliphera sp. (Chromadorida: Chromadoridae), Cultured in the Laboratory

Mutsumi Tsujino; Satoshi Arima; Takuji Uchida

doi:10.5179/benthos1996.53.2_89

Mutsumi Tsujino, Satoshi Arima, Takuji Uchida

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Keywords: culture, life cycle, Nematoda

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1998 Volume 53 Issue 2 Pages 89-93

DOI https://doi.org/10.5179/benthos1996.53.2_89

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Published: 1998 Received: February 23, 1998 Available on J-STAGE: August 07, 2009 Accepted: August 10, 1998 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: August 07, 2009 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Gerlach, S. A. and M. Schrage 1971 Life cycles in marine meiobenthos. Experiments at various temperatures with Monhystera disjuncta and Theristus pertenuis (Nematoda). Marine Biology, 9: 274-280.
Giere, O. 1993 Meiobenthology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 328 pp.
Jensen, P. 1982 Reproduction behavior of the free-living marine nematode Chromadorita tenuis. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 10: 89-95.
Tietjen, J. H., J. J. Lee, J. Rullman, A. Greengart and J. Trompeter 1970 Gnotobiotic culture and physiological ecology of the marine nematode Rhabditis marina Bastian. Limnology and Oceanography, 15: 535-543.
Tietjen, J. H. and J. J. Lee 1972 Life cycles of marine nematodes. Influence of temperature and salinity on the development of Monhystera denticulata Timm. Oecologia, 10: 167-176.
Tietjen, J. H. and J. J. Lee 1973 Life history and feeding habits of the marine nematode, Chromadora macrolaimoides Steiner. Oecologia, 12: 303-314.
Vranken, G., L. K. Thielemans, C. Heip and M. Vandycke 1981 Aspects of the life-cycle of Monhystera parelegantula (Nematoda; Monhysteridae). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 6: 67-72.
Vranken, G., P. M. J. Herman and C. Heip 1988 Studies of the life-history and energetics of marine and brackish-water nematodes. I. Demography of Monhystera disjuncta at different temperature and feeding conditions. Oecologia, 77: 296-301.
Wieser, W. 1953 Die Beziehungen zwischen Mundhöhlengestalt, Ernährungsweise and Vorkommen bei freilebenden marinen Nematoden. Arhiv för Zoologi (Ser. 2), 4: 439-484.

Right : Gerlach, S. A. and M. Schrage 1971 Life cycles in marine meiobenthos. Experiments at various temperatures with Monhystera disjuncta and Theristus pertenuis (Nematoda). Marine Biology, 9: 274-280.
Giere, O. 1993 Meiobenthology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 328 pp.
Jensen, P. 1982 Reproduction behavior of the free-living marine nematode Chromadorita tenuis. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 10: 89-95.
Tietjen, J. H., J. J. Lee, J. Rullman, A. Greengart and J. Trompeter 1970 Gnotobiotic culture and physiological ecology of the marine nematode Rhabditis marina Bastian. Limnology and Oceanography, 15: 535-543.
Tietjen, J. H. and J. J. Lee 1972 Life cycles of marine nematodes. Influence of temperature and salinity on the development of Monhystera denticulata Timm. Oecologia, 10: 167-176.
Tietjen, J. H. and J. J. Lee 1973 Life history and feeding habits of the marine nematode, Chromadora macrolaimoides Steiner. Oecologia, 12: 303-314.
Vranken, G., L. K. Thielemans, C. Heip and M. Vandycke 1981 Aspects of the life-cycle of Monhystera parelegantula (Nematoda; Monhysteridae). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 6: 67-72.
Vranken, G., P. M. J. Herman and C. Heip 1988 Studies of the life-history and energetics of marine and brackish-water nematodes. I. Demography of Monhystera disjuncta at different temperature and feeding conditions. Oecologia, 77: 296-301.
Wieser, W. 1953 Die Beziehungen zwischen Mundhöhlengestalt, Ernährungsweise and Vorkommen bei freilebenden marinen Nematoden. Arhiv för Zoologi (Ser. 2), 4: 439-484.

Abstract

A method established to culture a free-living nematode, Microlaimus sp., from a tidal flat was applied to free-living nematodes from subtidal mud sediments. Two Chromadorids, Prochromadorella sp. and Spiliphera sp., successfully completed their life cycle in the laboratory at a temperature of 20°C. Eggs of Prochromadorella sp. hatched as juveniles 170-190μm long 3.5-4 days after spawning. Females 900-1000μm long started to deposit eggs 30 days after hatching and they deposited 42 eggs on average in 40 days. The generation time of the species was about 34 days. Eggs of Spiliphera sp. hatched as juveniles 350-360μm long 5-6.5 days after spawning. Females 1350-1500μm long started to deposit eggs 46 days after hatching and deposited 14 to 19 eggs in 40 days. The generation time of the species was about 51 days. Since all three nematode species that were able to complete their life cycles in the laboratory are epigrowth feeders, the present culture method may be applicable to other nematodes of similar feeding habits.

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