Facile Degradation of Apolipoprotein B by Radical Reactions and the Presence of Cleaved Proteins in Serum

Abstract

A facile cleavage of peptide bonds of apolipoprotein B (apoB) by radical reaction is reported. When human LDL was subjected to oxidative damage using Cu²⁺, extensive degradation of apoB was observed based on immunoblotting. The degradation of apoB was inhibited by radical scavengers (β-mercaptoethanol, butylated hydroxytoluene, and probucol) and promoted by a radical initiator [2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride]. When human serum was treated with Cu²⁺, a similar cleavage pattern of apoB was observed. The cleaved apoB proteins were also detected in normal serum on the basis of immunoblots. These results suggest that apoB is highly reactive toward radicals in vitro and in vivo, with reaction resulting in the cleavage of peptide bonds.