Sensitive analysis of biogenic substances by fluorometry and chemiluminometr(Review)

Abstract

Many substances that exhibit bioactivities at extremely low concentration occur in biological matrices, such as mammalian fluids and tissues. Their concentrations are generally controlled by related enzymes. It is therefore of great importance to develop a methodology that permits the determination of trace amounts of biogenic substances, since life-scientific research always deals with their analysis. In general, the analytical methods used for the quantitative and qualitative determinations of biosubstances necessitate both sensitivity and selectivity for the analytes. In this review articles, highly sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic methods utilizing many fluorogenic reagents (approximately 70 species) and several chemiluminogenic reagents (approximately 10 species) are outlined regarding the analysis of biogenic substances, such as amines, amino acids, fatty acids, steroids, sugars, peptides, nucleic acid-related compounds and enzymes. In addition, the analytical availability of fluorogenic and chemiluminogenic enzyme-substrates (approximately 10 species) for alkaline phosphatase, β-D-galactosidase and peroxidase are demonstrated for the sensitive detection of their enzyme-probes in immunoassays and DNA-hybridization assays.