Abstract
This study represents laboratory and clinical assessments of ceftizoxime.
Biodynamics of this new cephalosporin antibiotic were investigated in urological patients classified into three groups according to degree of renal dysfunction:(1) markedly impaired (endogenous clearance of creatinine (Ccr):<30 ml/min.), (2) moderately impaired (Ccr: 30 to<70 ml/min.) and (3) slightly impaired or normal (Ccr:≥70/min.). With increasing degree of renal dysfunction, the biological half-life of ceftizoxime tended to be prolonged and the urinary recovery rate to decrease.
Antimicrobial activity of ceftizoxime was assessed by comparison of its MICs against 50 E. coil and 21 Serratia clinical isolates from urinary tract infections with those of GM and CEZ. Both the E. coil and Serratia strains showed lower MIC values for ceftizoxime than those for GM or CEZ, thus indicating stronger antibacterial activity of ceftizoxime.
Forty-one patients with complicated urinary tract infections were treated with 500 mg i. v. of ceftizoxime twice daily for a period of 5 days. The ceftizoxime therapy produced an excellent clinical improvement in 12 cases, a moderate improvement in 17 and poor improvement in 12; thus an effectiveness rate of 71%.
Of a total of 49 bacterial isolates from the patients before therapy 41 (84%) became eradicated following the treatment and 8 strains persisted. Eradication occurred with all 15 E. coli strains, with 5 (56%) of 9 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and with 15 of 16 strains of various genera including Serratia, Proteus vulgaris, P. rettgeri, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter.
