Stabilization of phantom fabrication by degassing using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

Bioequivalent phantoms are used to evaluate the effects of the human body in electromagnetic waves propagation for small wireless communication devices such as smart phones and wearable devices used in close proximity to the human body. The conventional phantom fabrication process requires fabrication skills and experience to avoid air bubbles in the phantom that affect the electrical characteristics. This letter proposes a new phantom fabrication method using ultrasonic vibrations for degassing to stabilize the electrical constants of the fabricated phantom and demonstrates its effectiveness by experiments.