Optimization effects of rotating transmitarray for direction-of-arrival estimation with a single antenna

Abstract

This paper discusses the optimization effects of a transmitarray on a direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using the transmitarray and a single receiving antenna. The transmitarray consists of 1-bit elements with 0° and 180° transmission phases. The transmission phase distribution was optimized using a genetic algorithm and compared to a random distribution. The optimized transmitarray achieves a DOA estimation accuracy comparable to that of a conventional system using a 3-element linear array antenna. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the optimized system exhibits a decreasing trend as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. Notably, at an SNR of 20 dB, the RMSE is 20° lower than that of the 3-element linear array antenna.