1996 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 113-122
In this paper, the basic properties of concrete containing the non?chloride and non-alkali type antifreezing admixtures, such as freezing point, setting, hardening and frost resistance at early ages were studied, and the utilization method of these admixtures to protect fresh concrete against frost damage in cold weather concreting was investigated. It was found that the freezing point of antifreeze concrete was-2°C to-4°C. The setting time at low temperature and the strength gains at early ages were accelerated by using antifreezers. The benefit of using antifreezers was not only the protection of fresh concrete against frost damage by lowering the freezing point but also the accelerative effect on the setting and hardening of the concrete. The relationship between the concentration of antifreezers and the allowable ambient temperature was derived from the results of the experimental and analytical studies. This is useful for assessment of effectiveness level of the antifreezers when used in cold weather concreting.
