Abstract
Some organisms, which are habiting under cold environment below 18℃, have developed a variety of strategies to survive extreme cold environment. In frozen environments, some organisms are exposed to conditions that necessitate the partial removal of water from the intracellular space, and posed a severe threat for the destruction by the formation of extracellular ice. Various cryoprotectants, that is, glycerol or trehalose etc, and ice crystal controlling materials for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have an important role of survival under frozen environment. Although ice crystal controlling materials are ice nucleating protein, anti-nucleating materials, antifreezing protein and cryoprotective materials, antifreeze proteins, which can inhibit ice formation by suppressing the growth of ice nuclei, have be expected various usages for a variety of frozen processing foods. Some success usages of antifreeze proteins are introducing in this sentence.
