Cytogenetic Evaluation of Some Genera of Persian Phaseolus

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the cytogenetic diversity of Persian beans with using an image analysis system. Ploidy levels of genotypes were determined from x=9 (2 diploids), x=10 (2 diploids) and x=11 (9 diploids). The highest chromatin length belonged to genotype 5 (12.501 μm) and the lowest to genotype 13 (5.042 μm). With regards to the Stebbins two-way table, I, L, and F genotypes divided to group a 2A; A, B, and N genotypes divided to group 1B; and the rest of the genotypes divided to group 2B. The most asymmetric karyotype between and within chromosomes was genotype N. Five important karyotype indexes that are related to the cytogenetic diversity of Persian beans were studied in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications, at the University of Tehran in 2010. The results of ANOVA showed significant differences among genotypes in all karyotype indexes (A, %Syi, %TF, SC, A₂ and A₁). Principal components analysis classified the 5 karyotype indexes in to 2 new components that explained 96.41% of total variations. The first component explained 65.34% of total variations that mainly included diastatic arm ratio, CI, A₁, TF, Syi and A. The second component explained 31.28% of total variations that mainly included TL, SA, LA and A₂. Cluster analysis by the Ward method classified characters in to 3 groups.The results showed that genotypes were significantly different in all characters; therefore analysis of these clusters showed the most genetic distance to be between N and H.