The Notation and The Utilization of The Opening and Closing the Bellows on The Musical Score for Bi-sonic Bandoneon -From the Perspective of Regional Characteristics and Creator’s Senses-

Abstract

Standard Bandoneon is a bi-sonic bellows driven instrument with button keyboard. There are two well-known Bandoneon styles in the world. One is called the “Einheit” key layout which was determined as a standard form for Badoneon in Germany around 1920, and the other is Bandoneon with “Rheinisch” key layout that is recognized as an instrument important for Argentine tango music performance.
　I think it is valid to specify the opening and closing of the bellows to enable smooth fingering for the performance when composing music for various musical formations which include the Bandoneon. However, currently, there are various different symbols and slogans that are used for Bandoneon notations influenced from regional characteristics and creator’s senses. In this paper, I compare side by side these notations and explore the appropriate standard notation for the bellows.