Abstract
In this review, rational concepts for developing new technologies of molecular imaging and molecular targeting therapy for cancer based on multi-disciplinary science are introduced. First, the basis of next generation molecular imaging technologies for cancer cell-specific detection is discussed. Then, a newly developed cancer cell-specific therapy using antibody-photosensitizer conjugates and near infrared light, named photoimmunotherapy, which was evolved from the molecular imaging technology is introduced and discussed focusing on its basis, therapeutic effects, and applications.