Abstract
A patient-derived xenograft （PDX） model was established by directly transplanting surgically resected human tumor tissue into immunodeficient mice without in vitro culture, followed by maintenance through in vivo passage. This model helped retain the histological structure, cell morphology, and molecular and genetic properties of human tumor tissues. As a model that reflects the diversity and complexity of tumors, it can be used in the research and development of molecularly targeted drugs. Although PDX models are valuable research tools, the development and utilization of established PDX lines require different research plans compared to those commonly used for in vitro cultured tumor cell lines. This section describes the characteristics of PDX models as tumor models and elucidates the points to consider when attempting to establish and use PDX models.
