Abstract
Plasma lipoproteins are endogenous colloidal particles that transport lipid through the blood to various cells, where they are recognized and taken up via specific receptors. It is known that plasma lipoprotein binding of some hydrophobic drugs can significantly influence not only the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of the drug, but the relative toxicity as well. Many lipid particulate systems, such as lipid emulsions and liposomes, are under investigation as a potential vehicle for drug delivery. Plasma lipoprotein particles are also recognized as excellent candidates for the targeted delivery of drugs to various cells such as hepatic parenchymal cells, malignant cells, and atherosclerotic cells. Recent studies showed that not only these synthesized recombinant lipoproteins but also lipid emulsions from many kinds of lipids are closely mimic the metabolic fate of endogenous plasma lipoproteins. This means that the composition and physicochemical nature of the lipid particles for drug delivery can control the drug disposition in the body in accordance with a way of the lipoprotein metabolism. Like native lipoproteins, these particles are biodegradable, do not seem to trigger immune reactions, and are not recognized by the RES. This review article will overview the researches in the areas of lipoprotein-drug interactions and development of recombinant lipoproteins and lipid emulsion formulations for site-specific drug delivery in relation to lipoprotein metabolism.
