Drug Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease in Dental Office

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the wide prevalent disease, and it is not negligible that a dentist have a chance to prescribe an antibiotics for a CKD patient with a low kidney function. Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin antibiotics or cephem antibiotics, are most frequently prescribed drugs in dental office. Most dentists will be careful about allergic adverse effects of beta-lactam antibiotics, but only a few dentists will recognize that beta-lactam antibiotics are excrete mainly from kidney, and that these drugs are recommended to adjust the dosing schedule for the patient with a low kidney function. If you administer a renally-eliminated drug repeatedly for the CKD patient with an elongated half-life, the mean plasma drug concentration in stable phase will increase to toxic concentration. Pharmacokinetically-guided correction coefficient will be helpful to get an adequate dosing schedule for the patient with a low kidney function. The reference chart of recommended dosing schedule for the CKD patients will also be helpful.