2023 Volume 81 Issue 6 Pages 279-287
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify characteristics of subjects with low phase angle associated with sarcopenia and examine the association with food intake groups using a Dietary Variety Score.
Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the first measurements of 232 subjects who participated in a monthly visit between July 2014 and September 2021 and consented to study participation. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, grip strength, calf circumference), Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNAⓇ-SF), body composition analysis, and Dietary Variety Score were performed.
Results: Subjects with severely reduced phase angle were significantly older, had higher rates of sarcopenia, and exhibited significantly lower skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Based on multinomial logistic regression analysis, no food group showed significant mild phase angle reduction. For severe phase angle reduction, age and MNAⓇ-SF were identified as significant factors in all models. Considering milk and dairy products, consumption "almost daily" significantly contributed to reducing the risk of phase angle decline when the criterion was "less than once every two days" (odds ratio 0.39 [95% confidence interval 0.16~0.93]).
Conclusions: Subjects with severely reduced phase angle were significantly older, experienced an increased incidence of sarcopenia, and had significantly decreased skeletal muscle mass and SMI. "Almost daily" consumption of milk and dairy products contributed to the risk reduction in phase angle reduction, although no association with other food groups was observed.
