Participation of Taxi Companies in Developing Local Public Transport Networks and Appropriate Framework for Public–Private Collaboration

Abstract

To create sustainable local public transport networks, it is necessary to consider various combinations of service operators to suit local circumstances. In this study, we clarified both the state of participation of taxi service providers in local public transport and the intentions of municipalities to utilize these providers. In addition, through analysis of case studies, we aimed to obtain findings useful to the management of regional public transport through public–private collaboration. Approximately half of all municipalities consign public transport business to taxi companies, and taxi company involvement in public transport is clearly increasing. However, the job creation effects of these business consignments （for example, their role in increasing the number of drivers） are unclear, and information sharing with consigned companies is inadequate in many municipalities. Through analysis of case studies, we confirmed the importance of effectively utilizing taxi company management resources in creating sustainable local public transport networks. Furthermore, developing a process that enables information to be fully shared, understanding the managerial abilities of taxi companies, and designing viable public transport services through public–private collaboration are essential.