Abstract
C1 compounds, such as methane and
methanol, which have no carbon-carbon bond, are
ubiquitous in nature and also emitted from anthropogenic
environments. C1-microorganisms (methylotrophs),
which can utilize C1-compounds as the sole source of
carbon and energy, inhabit various environments and are
responsible for carbon circulation of two major
greenhouse gases, methane and CO2, called “methane
cycle”. Recently, methane and methanol have been
reported to be emitted from plants, and the phyllosphere,
defined as the aerial part of plants, has been recognized
as a habitat for C1-microorganisms. Phyllsophere is
thought to be exposed to various kinds of environmental
stresses, such as low nutrients, temperature, draught, UV,
and so on. In this review, we introduce recent studies on
how C1-microbes adapt to and survive on stressful
environments.
