Abstract
Nylon fabric imbibing solution (0.1_??_2g/g-fabric) of various catalysts was heated with styrene (2.0g/g-fabric) in sealed tubes for the grafting. When potassium or ammonium persulfate were used as catalyst, the grafting generally proceeded smoothly, and the graft efficiencies of about 90% were obtained under favorable conditions. The efficiencies were affected to a smaller extent by catalyst concentrations (0.2_??_2%), heating temperatures (60 and 90°C), and atmospheres of heating (air or nitrogen). In the case of hydrogen peroxide, the efficiencies were generally lower than those in the case of persulfates, and increased with decreasing catalyst concentration and heating temperature. The grafting proceeded to some extent in the case of α, α-azo-bisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), but the maximum efficiencies of only about 40% were obtained in the case of benzoyl peroxide (BPO). The grafting also proceeded smoothly when dry nylon fabric imbibing potassium persulfate (KPS) was heated with styrene-methanol mixtures.
Nylon fabric imbibing solution of catalysts was heated with vinyl acetate. The graft efficiencies were generally lower than those in the case of styrene, but persulfates gave an efficiency of about 60% under suitable conditions. The grafting proceeded only with low efficiencies in the case of hydrogen peroxide, and scarcely occured in the case of AIBN and BPO. The grafting of vinyl acetate onto dry nylon fabric imbibing KPS was also examined, but no desirable results were obtained.
The behaviors of grafting onto nylon are generally similar to those onto cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol fibers, though the former fiber considerably differs from the latters in the chemical structure and the hydrophobic property.
