Systematic aquaculture: yesterday, today, and tomorrw

Abstract

The harmonization between aquaculture developments and the conservation of aquatic environments is the key to sustaining aquaculture. One of the obstacles to this harmonization is the negative economic relationship between developments and conservation. In order to sustain a systematic aquaculture, we need to establish benefits for both the human economy and the biological economy. The polyculture of Ulva and fish has been conducted by our group since 1964, with differing intents. Sakai was able to develop an abalone culture that fed on the Ulva cultured in the fish farm, and these mollusks produced green pearls as a byproduct of this fish culture. In that way, human profit was harmonized with the biological economy. The whole aqua-crop ensilage (WACE) system has been lectured by Hirata since 1999. The fish culture introduces nutrients into the sea. The nutrients contribute to the growth of sessile organisms. Whole organisms are harvested and ensilaged to produce the probiotic feed. This feed is mixed with routine fish feed. Ruminated culture will also be applied for byproducing the rotifer in culture of fish. These systems will be developed in the future.