Technology for the creation of aquatic habitats and their evaluation in fisheries ecosystems

Abstract

This keynote paper describes twelve important worldwide applications of artificial reef technology. Situations range from emphasis on artisanal and labor-intensive practices using natural materials, to use of man-made materials involving more elaborate engineering practices to achieve recreational fishing and diving objectives, conservation of habitats and biodiversity, and commercial seafood production. Common to all reef technologies is the need to evaluate performance. This paper establishes and “assessment concept” and “success criteria” to determine if and when reefs meet the objectives for which they were created. It identifies reasons for engineering/physical, socio-economic and ecological analysis of reef performance. To make full use of artificial reef technology, it is essential to develop common, consistent and comparade assessment practices and apply them globally. Emerging issues in the field include developing project specific designs, testing the application of reefs in marine reserves, employing reefs as part of sustainable fishery management, developing information transfer among scientists and the public, and further refinement of evaluation procedures.