Etiology and diagnosis for condylar resorption in growing adolescents

Abstract

Idiopathic/progressive condylar resorption (ICR/PCR) is a specific condition that affects the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and most commonly occurs in teenage girls. Both show rapid and severe condylar resorption. Although the specific cause of ICR/PCR has not been clearly identified, the following risk factors are identified from the literature and our clinic-statistical survey of orthodontic patients: age, gender, joint loading from orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, trauma, or parafunctional activity, and internal derangement of the TMJ. For the correct diagnosis and determination of whether ICR/PCR is active or inactive, the findings from clinical examination, intraoral examination, and radiographs are essential. However, no precise indications for diagnosis of active ICR/PCR have yet been identified. In future, further studies are required to identify not only environmental factors but also genetic factors, resulting in an integrated diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategy for ICR/PCR.