Risk factors of temporomandibular disorders based on prospective cohort studies: Occlusal factors, mandibular movement, pressure pain threshold, and psychological factors

Abstract

The debate as to whether occlusion is a contributing factor to the onset of temporomandibular joint disorders has already concluded. However, this does not mean that the examination of jaw function, including occlusion status, is meaningless. The stomatognathic function is performed in harmony with the neuromuscular mechanism, together with the complex combination of the temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles, and occlusion. As a result, if there is a disturbance in the temporomandibular joints or masticatory muscles, other organs may be affected, and vice versa. This article outlines possible contributing factors to temporomandibular disorders in terms of function, including occlusion, and psychological characteristics from the prospective cohort studies conducted by the author's group. Since the presence or absence of canine guides, pain threshold, and stress show significant relative risks, it can be concluded that screening for the risk of developing temporomandibular disorders is important.