2020 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 113-114
International practice guidelines on antimicrobial therapy for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis have been developed and released since 2007 (Tokyo Guidelines 2007, TG 07). Since then the revisions of TG 07 were performed twice and those were TG 13, and TG 18. After TG 18 became available, related clinical studies were published. In developing TG 18, the areas with few evidence and challenges have become more evident. Accordingly, there were limitations in TG 18. Given this, required evidence and the areas for future research were discussed.