Antimicrobial therapy for abdominal emergencies

Abstract

Abdominal emergencies are a group of abdominal diseases that require a rapid response, including emergency surgery, and are mostly gastrointestinal diseases. Among these, acute inflammatory diseases such as generalized peritonitis and septic shock require emergency surgery and IVR. The incidence of postoperative complications of infection is high in gastrointestinal diseases requiring emergency surgery, and organ/space SSIs such as intra-abdominal abscesses often occur. Postoperative intra-abdominal infections can be serious if not treated early and appropriately. The basics of treatment are antibacterial drug treatment and the adequate control of the infection source. Antimicrobial therapy for emergency abdominal diseases and postoperative intra-abdominal infections often involves the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, and the increase in the number of drug-resistant bacteria is a problem. In Japan, the number of ESBL-producing bacteria is rapidly increasing, and appropriate antimicrobial use must be conducted in consideration of AMR countermeasures. Local control of the source of infection should be performed by selecting a safe and feasible technique at each institution.