Examples of identification of gem using X-ray micro-diffraction

Abstract

It is able to identify gem using X-ray powder diffraction pattern of approximately 4,600 species of the database of minerals. This method require pulverized gem.
Gem has to avoid destructive testing.
On the other hand X-ray micro-diffraction is widely known as an analytical instrument without the need for powder.
X-ray micro-diffraction will contribute in the gemmology.