Abstract
Tracheal cancer is noted for its low incidence. We encountered a case of tracheal cancer, supposedly related to prolonged use of a metal tracheotomy tube in Oku-Komyoen, a leprosarium. During the past 21 years, there were 181 autopsycases in the leprosarium, out of which 39 cases (21.5%) showed malignancy. This ratio is not far different from the incidence of general malignancies. It is peculiar, however, for us to experience such a rare disease as tracheal cancer in our small autopsy series of leprosy patients. Our article reports this rare case of primary tracheal cancer with a review of the literature.