Mapping the Future of HCD

- Human-Centered AI and the Next Two Decades

Abstract

This paper explores the future of Human-Centered Design (HCD) in the era of rapidly advancing AI and growing societal complexity. Building on Ben Shneiderman's Human-Centered AI, it examines Human-Centered AI (HCAI) as a framework that positions AI as a tool to augment human abilities rather than replace them. Central to this vision is the role of governance in ensuring system robustness and trustworthiness. While acknowledging the strength of Shneiderman’s theory, this paper offers a critical perspective by noting gaps in its treatment of practical implementation and limited attention to cultural diversity. It also examines Japan’s "Principles for an AI-powered Society centered on the human being" as a case to highlight the challenges of translating high-level principles into social practice. Looking ahead, the paper argues that HCD must evolve beyond a design method to become a guiding philosophy for technological and social adaptation over the next two decades.