Effect of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

 Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze factors associated with outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), and cytogenetic and disease risks at HCT among patients with minimally differentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to identify the potential clinical efficacy of allogeneic HCT. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 398 patients who received allogeneic HCT for minimally differentiated AML between 2000 and 2015. Results: According to cytogenetic and disease risks at HCT, we divided patients into four groups: 1) intermediate risk and complete remission (CR) (n=183) or 2) non-CR (n=90), and 3) poor risk and CR (n=66) or 4) non-CR (n=59). Median follow-up times for survivors were 8-42 months. Three-year overall survival (OS) in the four groups were 1) 59.7%, 2) 30.9%, 3) 58.7%, and 4) 9.7%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a poor risk, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status≧1, and non-CR at HCT were independent predictors of poorer OS. Conclusion: Our data suggest that allogeneic HCT can be considered for patients with minimally differentiated AML. Prospective trials of allogeneic HCT are needed to improve the safety and efficacy of allografting in patients with minimally differentiated AML.