Abstract
Dysphania pumilio (R. Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Amaranthaceae) was newly reported for Hiroshima Prefecture, southwest Japan. Although the specimens collected showed a wide range of morphology, all specimens were shown to belong to a single polymorphic species, Dysphania pumilio, based on DNA data. A detailed description and illustration, dispersal mechanisms and potential risk to the local flora are provided.