Microscopic analysis of document handling while cross-reference reading for multiple documents

Abstract

In order to discover the reason why paper is a better reading medium compared to PC in cross-reference reading, we categorized the different ways people interact with the media while reading and measured the frequency and duration of each action. We obtained empirical data from video recording, concurrent verbal reporting, and retrospective reporting of 16 participants in cross-reference reading using paper and a computer display (27-inch). As a result, we found out that paper requires less time in moving the document compared to the PC, which suggests that arranging layout using paper does not hinder reading. Furthermore, we found out that there is various ways of moving documents depending on the purpose in the use of paper. Also, our research showed that paper promotes pointing contents of the media in comparison with the PC. Finally, we discuss methodologies to improve electronic reading devices.