Endangered species conservation and ecotourism

Abstract

Wildlife tourism is a significant part of ecotourism, which is an important sector in the hospitality industry. However, wildlife tourism presents several risks to conservation, especially because wildlife tourists favour the viewing of rare and endan-gered species. The special edition 'Endangered species and ecotourism' consists of four papers. Hayashi (2023) describes tourism activities that target the Blakiston's fish owl, Ketupa blakistoni, in Shiretoko, Hokkaido. Hayashi identified several risks to the recovery of owl populations due to pressure from birdwatchers, cameramen and lodges. Kikuchi (2023) studied owl tourism in Shiretoko and found that local stakeholders' views were not significantly different from those of conservationists. Kikuchi argues that conservation policies should incorporate multiple interests and pursue a reciprocal goal through capacity building. Okahisa (2023) focused on the crested ibis, Nipponia nippon, on Sado Island, by analysing the risks presented by birdwatching-tourists in comparison to the economic benefits. Okahisa found that birdwatchers bring significant economic benefits to the island, while the risks could be minimised by strictly observing certain recommendations, such as visitors keeping an appropriate distance from the birds. Takahashi (2023) outlines the Japanese laws used to regulate wildlife viewing and photography. Several statutes provide a means to regulate certain wildlife-viewing activities in protected areas; however, Takahashi concludes that these laws are weak or lacking, especially in relation to the protection of endangered species and breeding wildlife.