A sustainable Organization and P2M in the Face of Uncertainty：

The Potential for Program Management Linking Dynamic Capabilities and Ordinary Capabilities

Abstract

Japan faces the twin structural problems of a declining birthrate and aging population. The complexities to come have led to varied and ill-defined stakeholders and they have hampered arrival at an optimal solution overall. Amidst these continuing societal phenomena, Japan was faced with the extreme uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic. A project must deal with various factors such as complex demands, uncertain condi-tions, and expanded areas of business , which is what led to the development of the concept of project and program management (P2M). Given this historical background, the aim of the current work was to examine the effectiveness of P2M in the face of extreme uncertainty. This work conducted an exploratory case study analysis of cases involving healthcare organizations. Dynamic capabilities are actively discussed in the area of strategic management. Drawing on that concept, this work describes the effectiveness of P2M by ex-ploring P2M from the perspective of dynamic versus ordinary capabilities.