Realization of a Ladder Filter with Dissipative LC Elements and its Simulation by RC Active Circuits

Abstract

In this paper, an LC Simulation-Type RC active filter with all-pole low-pass characteristics is presented. The proposed circuit simulates the doubly terminated ladder filters realized by lossy inductors and negatively lossy capacitors. First, an LC filter with lossy LC elements is proposed as a filter to be simulated. Second, an RC active filter which simulates the LCR filter with a reduced number of voltage followers and NIC's is proposed. Finally, a fifth-order Chebyshev low-pass filter is designed, the measured transfer response is in a good agreement with the theoretical value and it is shown that the sensitivity of the proposed circuit is much lower than that of the circuit by cascading Sallen-Key circuits.