1995 Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 367-375
Left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling and left atrial (LA) contribution have been investigated in patients with heart disease. However, many of these studies were not conducted at a constant heart rate, and the effects of heart rate remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the heart rate on left atrial contractile performance and left ventricular filling during atrial systole. The changes in LA and LV dimensions and pulmonary venous (PV) flow were determined in 9 open-chest dogs by a sonomicrometer and an electromagnetic flowmeter. With a stepwise decrease in the pacing rate from 110 beats/minute to 70 beats/minute, the LA dimension just before atrial contraction increased from 21.4±0.6mm to 23.1±0.7mm (p<0.01), and the LA systolic shortening increased from 1.6±0.1mm to 2.1±0.1mm (p<0.01). However, the calculated LV filling volume during atrial systole decreased from 1.9±0.3ml to 1.4±0.2ml (p<0.01). The PV flow during atrial systole was directed toward the LA, and the LA influx volume from PV decreased from 0.6±0.1ml to 0.2±0.04ml (p<0.01).
With a decrease in the pacing rate, the LA Frank-Starling mechanism operated. However, LV filling during atrial systole decreased because of the decrease in PV flow to the LV via the LA. Thus, LA contractile performance cannot always be evaluated from LV filling.
