Comparison of Fertilizer Management to Increase Yield and Quality of Rice

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to improve the productivity and quality of rice. This research was to compare various types of fertilizers that are suitable for growing rice. Six experimental models were arranged in RCBD with 3 replications consisting of 18 field plots comprising a total of 5 Rai. Each model was designated as: T0 (no fertilizer: Control group), T1 (pellet compost), T2 (Compost mixed bio-liquid fertilizer), T3 (compost mixed mineral formula called formula-1), T4 (compost mixed higher mineral formula called formula-2), and T5 (compost mixed the highest mineral formula called formula-3). Each type of fertilizer was used at a rate of 50 kilograms per Rai. The rice seed used in the testing was Phitsanulok #2. The experiment was located at Moo 13, Ban Huaidang, Prompiram city, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand during April 2012 to September 2012. The soil data and fertilizers used in an experiment were collected for reference and analysis. Plant Environmental data, growth data, Yields, yield components and production costs were also collected. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT at a 95% level of confidence. The analysis on the macro- nutrients from the fertilizer was designated: T5, T4, T3, T2 and T1, respectively. The plant growth data the maximum outputs are ranked from T3, T5, T4, T2, T1 and T0 models, respectively. According to the study results on yield and yield components the maximum outputs are ranked from T3, T5, T4, T2, T1 and T0 models (1,119.4, 990.3, 949.3, 872.2, 813.2 and 781.0 kilograms per Rai, respectively). In case of the T3 model compared with T0 (no fertilizer), it was found that the productivity increased 43.3% and the percentage of withered rice decreased 60%. In the study of total production costs, it was found that the maximum production costs per Rai was T5, T4, T3, T2, T1 and T0 models with 6,850, 6,800, 6,730, 6,540, 6,380 and 5,880 Baht per Rai, respectively. When compared with the yields, the least-costs rice production per 1 kilogram were ranked from T3,T5, T4, T2, T0 and T1 models with 6.01, 6.19, 7.16, 7.49, 7.52 and 7.84 Baht per kilogram, respectively. When selling rice at 11,500 Baht per ton, it was found that the highest profits of the models were as follows: T3, T5, T4, T2, T0 and T1 with 6,143.1, 4,538.4, 4,116.9, 4,390.3, 3,101.5 and 2,971.8 Baht per Rai, respectively.