Clinical and biological significance of surface molecules in myeloma

Abstract

Phenotypic analysis of tumor cells by flow cytometry is essential for various hematological malignancies. Surface antigen analysis of multiple myeloma cells is also widely used in clinical practice. However, the heterogeneity of surface molecule expression for malignant plasma cells often makes it difficult for hematologists and physicians to interpret the data. In this review, we focus on: 1) surface molecules for detection of myeloma cells; 2) surface molecules targeted by antibody-based therapy; and 3) surface molecules possibly expressed on myeloma-initiating cells. Understanding the significance and heterogeneity of surface molecule expression in multiple myeloma cells could lead to a better understanding of myeloma biology and myeloma treatment strategies.