Exploring the Optimal Measurement Period for Detecting Sleep Bruxism: A 28-Consecutive-day Recording with Ultra-compact Wearable Electromyography

Abstract

This study explores factors influencing the onset of sleep bruxism（SB）and optimal measurement periods using electromyogram（EMG）recordings over 28 consecutive nights in self-reported dental professionals with bruxism. Seven dentist bruxers（three males, four females, mean age 30.0±3.5, range: 29-33）were recruited. Ultraminiature wearable EMG devices（EMG Logger, GC Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan）recorded masseteric activity during sleep. EMG data were processed using default software（W-EMG viewer, GC Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan）. The analysis calculated the total number of SB episodes per night divided by total sleep time. Episodes were counted over 28 nights, and detection rates were computed for two to eight consecutive nights. Regression analysis identified SB-related factors, with headache in the temple area, joint noise, fatigue, and stress as independent variables. Optimal measurement periods were explored by comparing detection rates between consecutive nights using one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni-adjusted multiple comparisons. A significant increase in detection rates occurred between one night and consecutive nights 3 to 8. No significant differences existed between one and two consecutive nights. Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly lower detection rate for those without temple area headaches when the EMG logger was used for one or two consecutive nights. Recommendations include a minimum of four days of EMG wear for subjects without temple area headaches, adjusting based on pre-interview assessments of symptoms. This study provides insights into SB detection, emphasizing the need for tailored measurement periods, and highlights the significance of temple area headaches in predicting SB onset.