Abstract
Measles, rubella, varicella, and mumps are highly contagious diseases in childhood. However, recently several adolescents and adults have been suffered from these diseases in Japan. To protect nosocomical infection with these diseases, it is important that antibody titers to these diseases in health care workers should be tested with suitable methods, and seronegative and plus/minus individuals should be vaccinated. The sensitive method to detect antibody titers to these diseases is enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). Microneutralizing (mNT) method is as sensitive as ETA in measles, hemagglutination inhibition (HI) method is as sensitive as ETA in rubella, and immunoadherence hemmaglutination (IAHA) method is as sensitive as EIA in varicella. Vaccination is essential to protect community-acquired infection with theses diseases. According to mother-to-child transport of antibody titers, vaccination at one year old is suitable to induce proper immunity and to achieve the satisfactory herd immunity.
